AFGHAN JIHAD AND
SOVIET-AFGHAN WAR
INTRODUCTION: In this series, we will learn a very interesting and important topic that is SOVIET-AFGHAN WAR AND AFGHAN JIHAD
"AFGHANISTAN" such a beautiful country which is close to many INDIAN HEARTS irrespective of our religious opinion .but, unfortunately, this mountainous country is on the news for all the bad reasons. one of which being terrorism.before understanding the Afghan jihad we must first understand as to what caused it.and how PAKISTAN, USA, USSR(RUSSIA), SAUDI ARABIA, CHINA. gave birth it.due to which AFGHANISTAN is suffering even today.
REFERENCE: The content I have written below is my understanding after reading books and research papers written by established analysts.
books I have referred are 1.SOCAIL JUSTICE by CHRISTINE PARENTI
chapter: America's Jihad A history of origins
2.AFGHANISTAN AND CENTRAL ASIA IN 2015
Report Author: Arvid Bell
Published by: Peace Research Institute Frankfurt (2015)
In the 1960s Afghanistan was governed by Mohammad Zahir shah.under his rule Afghanistan saw progressive development and was not in war with any of its neighboring countries and was just focused on its development. but this wouldn't continue too long. in 1973 Mohammad Daoud khan the 1st cousin of Mohammad Zahir Shah betrayed him when Shah was in Italy for medical treatment. he proclaimed himself as the PRESIDENT, PM, ARMY CHIEF, and the HOME MINISTER and declared AFGHANISTAN as the AFGHANISTAN REPUBLIC.
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| MOHAMMAD ZAHIR SHAH |
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| MOHAMMAD DAOUD KHAN |
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| FLAG OF AFGANISTAN REPUBLIC |
During MOHAMMAD DAOUD KHAN'S rule, the country's economy increased and the country continued to develop.but on the other hand since he paid much emphasis on the PASHTUN NATIONALIST MOMENT the leftists as well as the other ethnic groups/tribes started opposing him. when MIR AKBAR KHYBER rose against him, Khan assassinated him .as a consequence of the assassination the revolt which was until then not much aggressive took the form of a rebellion .this rebellion is often referred as the SAUR REBELLION of 1978
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| MIR AKBAR KHYBER |
The COMMUNIST PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF AFGHANISTAN (CPDPA)OR (PDPA) supported and funded by Moscow assassinated DAOUD and his family NUR MOHAMMAD TARAKI a senior member of KHALQ also called as "the leftist newspaper" a group of PDPA was appointed as the PRESIDENT and HAFIZULLAH AMIN was made the PRIME MINISTER.TARAKI encouraged women education, women in politics, gender equality and also had new land reforms with increased tax.
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| COMMUNIST PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF AFGHANISTAN (PDPA) OR (CPDPA) |
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| NUR MUHAMMAD TARAKI |
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| HAFIZULLAH AMIN |
the locals felt that these NEW REFORMS were against their religious beliefs and they opposed it. any kind of counter was brutally suppressed and were later imprisoned.in 1979 an uprising took place which led to 1000s dead. this followed MUTINIES in KABUL, HALALABAD, GHAZNI.
One year ago in 1978, a treaty was signed between PDPA and the SOVIET UNION(USSR) which allowed PDPA to call the SOVIET MILITARY for assistance.with the help of this treaty Taraki called in the soviets .the soviets reluctantly sent troops, equipment, weapons. seeing the situation of president TARAKI his prime minister HAFIZULLAH AMIN betrayed him and took over his position.
struck by the act of HAFIZULLH AMIN, General secretary of USSR LEONID BREZHNEW decided to take control of the situation themself.
THE INVASION
On DECEMBER 25 1979 USSR invaded Afghanistan with 80,000 troops.
Leonid Brezhnev feared
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| BABRAK KARMAL |
that the Islamic radicalization of Iran would spread itself to Afghanistan and subsequently would enter the Muslim majority region of the USSR which might disintegrate the soviet union. Amin took shelter in a palace near Kabul.he thought that the USSR was on his side until they captured him. He was assassinated by the soviet SPECIAL FORCE called SPETSNAZ.later the soviets replaced AMIN with much moderate BABRAK KARMAL
the local warlords were united against the ATHIEST LEFT-WING COMMUNIST REGIME and picked up arms. They called themself as MUJAHIDEEN. Taking advantage of this critical situation in Afghanistan SAUDI ARABIA gave a call of HOLY WAR and thus the TERROR IN AFGHANISTAN STARTED.
From here the terrorism in Afghanistan started .we will learn that in detail including the PAKISTANI, US, CHINESE role in terrorizing this beautiful country in the next part
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GOOD BLESS AFGHANISTAN
VANDE MATHARM JAI HIND STAYA MEVA JAYATHE
